Library Resources

Tools for Textual Criticism of the Bible (1104)

Old Testament

General Introductions
  • Besides your textbooks (Brotzman and Wurthwein), E. Tov, Textual Criticism of the Hebrew Bible (3rd edition, 2012), is an excellent introduction to the textual criticism of the Old Testament: BS1136 .T6813 2012
  • For solutions to text-critical problems, see D. Barthélemy, Critique textuelle de l’Ancien Testament: BS1136 .C74 1982 v.1-5
Hebrew (Masoretic Text)
  • The main edition is BHS = R. Kittel, K. Elliger and W. Rudolph, eds., Biblia Hebraica Stuttgartensia, available in the Reference section: REF BS715 .B5 1967
  • BHS is gradually being superseded by the volumes of BHQ = Biblia Hebraica Quinta, available in the Reference section: REF BS715 2004
Aramaic
  • You can find the Targums in Aramaic (A. Sperber, The Bible in Aramaic – BS708 .S632 1959) and English (M. McNamara, The Aramaic Bible – BS709.2 .B51987)
  • The Peshitta (Syriac) version is available in a critical edition: The Old Testament in Syriac, at BS711 1973
Samaritan Pentateuch
  • An old critical edition is August von Gall, Der hebräische Pentateuch der Samaritaner: BM920 1918
  • A new diplomatic edition is Stefan Schorch et al., eds., The Samaritan Pentateuch: a critical editio maior: BM920 2018
  • A helpful grammar is Ze’ev Ben-Hayyim, A Grammar of Samaritan Hebrew: PJ4860 .B4613 2000
  • A new English translation is now available: Benyamim Tsedaka, The Israelite Samaritan version of the Torah: BM925 .E54 2013
Septuagint
  • The best one-volume edition is A. Rahlfs and R. Hanhart, Septuaginta: id est Vetus Testamentum graece iuxta LXX interpretes: REF BS741 .R3 2006
  • A fully critical edition is Septuaginta: Vetus Testamentum Graecum (Göttingen): BS741 .S4 A8
  • A Reader’s Edition was made by Gregory R. Lanier and William A. Ross: REF BS741 .L36 2018
  • The standard English translation is A. Pietersma and B.G. Wright, New English Translation of the Septuagint: REF BS742 .P54 2007
  • A helpful resource is Karen Jobes and Moises Silva, Invitation to the Septuagint (2nd edition): BS744 .J63 I5 2000
Latin
  • For the Vulgate, you can find R. Weber, Biblia Sacra iuxta Vulgatam versionem, at REF BS75 2007 .W4
Dead Sea Scrolls (DSS)
  • The DSS are published in the series Discoveries in the Judean Desert, available on the lower floor: BM487 .A1
  • M.G. Abegg, et al., The Dead Sea Scrolls Bible is helpful for seeing the contents of the DSS at a glance in English translation: REF BS895 .A24 1999
Commentaries

The following sets often discuss text-critical issues. They are all available in the Commentary section on the upper floor

  • NICOT = New International Commentary on the Old Testament
  • ICC = International Critical Commentary
  • AB = Anchor Bible Commentary
  • WBC = Word Biblical Commentary

New Testament

General Introductions

  • Bruce Metzger and Bart Ehrman’s The Text of the New Testament: its Transmission, Corruption, and Restoration: BS2325 .M4 T4 2005
  • Philip Comfort’s, Encountering the Manuscripts is a fine introduction: BS1938 .C65 2005
  • Hixson, Elijah, and Peter J. Gurry, eds. Myths and Mistakes in New Testament Textual Criticism. Downers Grove: InterVarsity Press, 2019: BS2325 .M98 2019
  • Wasserman, Tommy, Peter J. Gurry. A New Approach to Textual Criticism. An Introduction to the Coherence-Based Genealogical Method: BS476 .W366 2017
Greek Text
  • The main edition is the sixth edition of The Greek New Testament, Houghton et al., eds., (United Bible Societies) available at: REF BS1965 .N47 2025
  • The closest academic edition to the eclectic base text of UBS6, is currently the twenty-eighth edition of the Novum Testamentum Graece (NA28,) available at: REF BS1965 .N47 2015. Note: UBS6 has deviated in some instances from the base text used in UBS5, which aligned closely with NA28. The forthcoming Novum Testamentum Graece (NA29) is intended to be the academic edition that is aligned with UBS6, but it is not published yet.
Commentaries

There are a number of commentaries dedicated to discussing NT textual problems.

  • Comfort, P.W. New Testament Text & Translation Commentary: BS1904.5 .C66 2008
  • M. Metzger, A Textual Commentary on the Greek New Testament. Second Edition: BS2325 .M43 T4 1994

Many commentary series discuss text-critical issues. They are all available in the Commentary section on the upper floor:

  • NICOT = New International Commentary on the Old Testament
  • ICC = International Critical Commentary
  • AB = Anchor Bible Commentary
  • WBC = Word Biblical Commentary